- 23 Aug 2010 18:53
#13483248
Polygamy is substantively different from same-sex marriage in a number of ways, and I think it is a mistake to equate support for one as support for the other. For example, while I support marriage equality, I do not believe in expanding marriage to include more than two people.
Indeed, monogamy, and the stigma of being unfaithful to one’s loved one, developed because of the jealousy that can arise. Furthermore, polygamy with an unlimited number of partners greatly enhances the likelihood that the institution of marriage might be exploited for questionable purposes, such as legal protection from testifying in court, for procuring a green card, or for the various tax benefits. (While, granted, two-person marriages can be exploited for this purpose, the ability to abuse marriage for the purpose of these benefits is greatly enhanced by having no limit on the number of married partners one can have.) If we classify the state interest in marriage as that of child-rearing or the stability of the family unit, we find that there is a much more difficult argument to make when it comes to polygamous or incestuous relationships.
First, as I noted earlier, polygamous relationships tend to be less stable than monogamous ones — due to jealousy and the expanded possibility of their exploitation. Furthermore, as we are all aware, it is possible for people to fall out of love. If this is true for two people, we can imagine that it would be even more likely once we involve even more people. If Bill, Sally, and Sasha all love each other when they get married, but then Sally stops loving Sasha, but still loves Bill and Sasha still loves Sally and Bill, the entire family unit becomes imperiled. As you can see, the likelihood increases not only with the number of persons in a relationship, but with the number of “connections” within it. That is, it can’t simply be that Bill must love Sally and Sasha, but Sasha must love Sally and Bill, and and Sally must love Bill and Sasha. Without all persons in such a relationship loving all other persons, the family will not function cohesively. As a result, such families are FAR more likely to dissolve.
Second, because of the exponentially more difficult nature of polygamous divorces, any children entrusted to polygamous parents would suffer greatly should that family dissolve. While it is feasible for many divorced monogamous parents to share custody of their children, this would either simply not be the case at all, or it would involve the constant shuffling-around of the child or children. This is not conducive to the emotional or developmental health of children.
According to psychological research: “A shift from a monogamous to a polygamous family system that occurs when a new spouse is added to the family would constitute just the kind of major systemic disruption that would pose a major challenge to a developing child’s sense of trust, security, and confidence.As family system theories express, these stressors are imposed on children because the functioning of “family members is profoundly interdependent, with changes in one part of the system reverberating in other parts of the system” (McGoldrick & Gerson, 1985, p. 5).
Though less research has been done on polygamous relationships in societies where polygamy is commonplace, it is important to keep the above quote in mind when considering the legalization of polygamy within the United States — a culture which overwhelmingly rejects polygamy. While certain individuals might attempt to make the argument that same-sex marriage is somehow analogous, the study is quite specific to polygamous families.
Additionally, considerable research has shown that “children of polygamous families experience a higher incidence of marital conflict, family violence, and family disruptions than do children of monogamous families” (Al-Krenawi, 1998; Elbedour, Bart, & Hektner, 2000). Marital conflict, in turn, has a profound negative impact upon children: “In their study of children aged 8 through 18, Buehlar and Gerard (2002) reported that 11% of the variance in children’s maladjustment could be accounted for by marital conflict and ineffective parenting.” (Elbedour, Onwuegbuzie, Caridine, & Abu-Saad 2002). The aforementioned study also notes that such marital conflict will result in “poor social competence, a poorly developed sense of security (Davis, Myers, & Cummings, 1996), poor school achievement (Emery & O’Leary, 1982; Katz & Gottman, 1991), misconduct and aggression (Rutter, 1975), and elevated heart rate reactivity (El-sheikh, 1994)” among children in polygamous families.
Furthermore, because polygamous marriages tend to produce more children than monogamous families, they tend to endure greater financial distress. Furthermore, because of the increased number of children, women in polygamous marriages are less likely to seek employment (Agadjanian and Ezeh (2000)). Financial distress, in turn, tends to produce even more marital conflict. But the familial issues are not limited only to marital stress: studies have demonstrated that financial trouble is correlated with greatly increased likelihood of child neglect or even abuse ((Duncan & Brooks-Gunn, 2000; Elder, Eccles, Ardelt, & Lord, 1995).
Please let me know if you can find such overwhelming evidence against same-sex marriage, which isn’t simply made up by right-wing nutjobs.
The principles of justice are chosen behind a veil of ignorance.
- John Rawls, A Theory of Justice
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